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ΜAHATMA GANDHI

Date of Birth and place	2 October 1869	Porbandar, India
Date of Death and place	30 January 1948	New Delhi, India
Nationality	Indian
Studies	College of Samalda	University College London
Years Active	1893-1948
Known for	Indian Independence Movement	Nonviolent resistance

Mahatma Gandhi managed to become Central form of the Indian independence movement and inspirer of the passive resistance method without the use of force against the oppressors. Everybody wonders; Was this effort easy? Well this effort wasn’t easy .Actually it was very difficult. And started strangely. In 1893, after his studies in London, he travelled to South Africa to be lawyer. Since he arrived there he faced discrimination. << But I have a first-class ticket!>> the young man insisted. No matter. As a native of India, Mr. Gandhi, the London – trained lawyer traveling on business, was redirected to the crowded third-class car. He refused to leave the first-class car and was forced off the train. He spent the night in a South African train station, cold, hungry and deep in thought. A loyal subject of the British Empire, Gandhi had been taught to believe in fairness, but it seemed that all that mattered now was the colour of his skin. Years later, when he was asked to name the most creative moment of his life, Gandhi recalled this night in the train station. By the next morning, he had decided to fight for his rights to be threated as a human being. This was the start of his activity and seemed that it could never finish. His plans to assist Indians in opposing a bill to deny them the right to vote, his offer with eleven hundred Indian’s volunteers to support British were some of his very good offers in humanity.

But except for them there are also many interesting facts about his life. Gandhi was only 13 years old when he married his 14-year-old bride Kasturba in 1882. The young couple weren't too fond of each other but later found common ground. The death of their first child made him a strong opponent of child marriage. In addition, he was not the best student. Although he was known for being highly ethical with good English skills, he was considered a mediocre student in math and poor in Geography. He also had bad handwriting, which he was embarrassed about.

While he was an adult, he did amazing things and collaborated with very important people. Gandhi was very friendly, so Among Gandhi's many followers were Albert Einstein and Henry Ford. He was also brave and proved it when he wrote a letter to Hitler, addressing him as "Dear Friend," and telling him to stop the war. However Hitler never wrote back.

He managed to become, apart from being an activist, a lawyer, a writer, a journalist, a politician but at most a philosopher. His most famous quote was: Nobody can hurt me without my permission. Those were his words when the whites were enforcing violence on him. A quote that is referring to his life is: The best way to find yourself is to lose yourself in the service of others. Here Mr. Gandhi is about when he fighting for the rights of blacks.

I believe that Mahatma Gandhi is very revolutionary. He renounce any form of violence, mental violence too, and on many ways he wants to change the situation. For instance he doesn’t want the discrimination from whites and so he refused to sit with Europeans, to leave the first-class car and to walk near a European’s house even he was panished. He is brave and doesn’t care about other’s opinion; he was wearing a white sheet for clothes during his activity against the discrimination. He was kindly; he wanted to convince Hitler stop wars by sending him a letter in which he was addressing him: Dear friend!

I have chosen this popular figure because he tried to change the world without wars. He couldn’t stand the iniquity and violence, so he didn’t stand unmoved; he managed on many ways to change whites’ perception about blacks. He fought for blacks’ rights and the best milestone for him was that he became the central form of the Indian independence. Finally his date of birth was set as World No Violence Day. He was a unique person.

Sources: coalcast.com

Wikipedia.gr

Biography.com

History.com

Weforum.org

A person I admire

We all have people whom we consider that inspirate and influence our life. Except from my parents, a person I dearly admire is the scientist Stephen Hawking.
Although he faced terrible health problems as he was incapable of walking and speaking, he loved his work so much that he continued on with it. Moreover, he became part of a new scientific time and overcoming a great deal of personal hardship in his own life and achieved to develop in the field of theoritical physics, a model of the universe without begging and end. I also admire him because he developed a theory of gravity, which gives us a new way to see the universe outside the boundaries of time and space. He figured out the behaviour of black holes, striking previous classical physics theories and his research gave important information about how the science community can learn from the past and predict the future. Stephen Hawking showed us how despite his rare disease of motor neuron paralysis, was not afraid of death because he was his permanent companion. It was the driving force that made him overcome his physical immobility and managed to become one of the most distinguished scientists in the world of astrophysics, a second Einstein, as he was called in school.
Despite the fact that he was confined to a wheelchair, his genius spirit dealt with complex issues. God exists; Is there another life in the depths of the universe? Is humanity able to move to another planet if the earth can no longer be inhabited? How will we be able to feed a growing global population? How will we prevent and cure diseases? How will we slow climate change? Whatever he was saying through a computer application, the whole world was listening to him. He could explain his theory of cosmogony, how galaxies are formed and why the universe expands, so simply understood and in a sence of humor. A traveller of the time, a humble handicapped genius astrophysicist, became the myth for those people who are afraid of the dark and taught us the purpose of living.
One of the most famous scientists of all time, the genius Steven Hawking, left us with an enormous legacy and a message of life. I will always admire him and I'll try to follow his steps to his life science trip. He is the power we only have to be and he showed eneryone that we never have to quit from life because the human spirit is powerful. Maybe today we are at a point where nothing means anything. The only thing we have to do is to focus on and keep going, because the journey of a thousand miles to the future, begins with a single step... MARITINA KYRKOY - A2

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi also known as

Mahatma Gandhi

He was Born at 2 October 1869 in British-ruled India. He Died at 30 January 1948 (aged 78) in New Delhi, India to a gunshot (assassination).His nationality is Indian. Occupation ; Lawyer, Politician, Activist and Writer. Political party ; Indian National Congress. Gandhi studied law and organized boycotts against British institutions

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi

Although Gandhi was interested in becoming a doctor, his father hoped he would also become a government minister and steered him to enter the legal profession. In 1888, 18-year-old Gandhi sailed for London, England, to study law. The young Indian struggled with the transition to Western culture. When Gandhi arrived in South Africa, he was quickly appalled by the discrimination and racial segregation faced by Indian immigrants at the hands of white British and Boer authorities. Upon his first appearance in a Durban courtroom, Gandhi was asked to remove his turban. He refused and left the court instead. The Natal Advertiser mocked him in print as “an unwelcome visitor.” Gandhi prepared to return to India at the end of his year-long contract until he learned, at his farewell party, of a bill before the Natal Legislative Assembly that would deprive Indians of the right to vote. Fellow immigrants convinced Gandhi to stay and lead the fight against the legislation. Although Gandhi could not prevent the law’s passage, he drew international attention to the injustice. he raised an all-Indian ambulance corps of 1,100 volunteers to support the British cause, arguing that if Indians expected to have full rights of citizenship in the British Empire, they also needed to shoulder their responsibilities. After years of protests, the government imprisoned hundreds of Indians in 1913, including Gandhi. Under pressure, the South African government accepted a compromise negotiated by Gandhi and General Jan Christian Smuts that included recognition of Hindu marriages and the abolition of a poll tax for Indians. In 1919, with India still under the firm control of the British, Gandhi had a political reawakening when the newly enacted Rowlatt Act authorized British authorities to imprison people suspected of sedition without trial. In response, Gandhi called for a Satyagraha campaign of peaceful protests and strikes. Violence broke out instead, which culminated on April 13, 1919, in the Massacre of Amritsar. Troops led by British Brigadier General Reginald Dyer fired machine guns into a crowd of unarmed demonstrators and killed nearly 400 people. Gandhi became a leading figure in the Indian home-rule movement. Calling for mass boycotts, he urged government officials to stop working for the Crown, students to stop attending government schools, soldiers to leave their posts and citizens to stop paying taxes and purchasing British goods.

https://www.biography.com/activist/mahatma-gandhi

Gandhi as a kid was very shy and unsociable to his classmates

Gandhi has actually served in the British army for a little period

Gandhi owned two football clubs to spread his ideology

Gandhi communicated with other great people like Hitler ,Tolstoy and Einstein

Ghandi actually had five Nobel prices but never received them

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TG0rglxtC6U

Quotes of Gandhi

A man is but a product of his thoughts. What he thinks he becomes.

Nobody can hurt me without my permission.

Happiness is when what you think, what you say, and what you do are in harmony.

Freedom is not worth having if it does not include the freedom to make mistakes.

If we are to teach real peace in this world, and if we are to carry on a real war against war, we shall have to begin with the children.

In a gentle way, you can shake the world.

Permanent good can never be the outcome of untruth and violence.

The future depends on what you do today.

https://www.goalcast.com/2017/03/20/top-20-inspiring-mahatma-gandhi-quotes/

^this is not a quote^

Three adjectives that describe him are ;

Nonviolent because he managed to get freedom to his country without violence

Wise because he understood that with peace and freedom you can do everything you want

Brave because he rebelled against the crown even if its force was a lot bigger

I admire him because he managed without violence , with peace and his arguments to get freedom for him and other Indian people from just not buying products from British companies

Mahatma Gandhi (1869 – 1948)

By Lena Petropoulou A3

Why was Gandhi assassinated? - Daily Times

Mahatma Gandhi, the Indian lawyer, politician, social activist and writer is better known as the person who became the leader of the nationalist movement against the British rule of India. The most important of all is that he came to be considered the father of his country. Gandhi is internationally esteemed for his doctrine of nonviolent protest (satyagraha) to achieve political and social progress.

“Be the change you wish to see in the world” is one of the best-known sayings of this leader who was born on October 2, 1869 in Porbandar, India and was shot dead on January 30, 1948 in Delhi. He was the youngest child of his father’s fourth wife. His father, a chief minister, though he had no formal education, was an able minister. India was under the British rule at the time with long-suffering local people and the headstrong British political officers in power. Gandhi’s mother, Putlibai, was completely absorbed in religion, did not care much for jewelry, divided her time between her home and the temple and wore herself out in days and nights of nursing whenever there was sickness in the family.

Gandhi grew up in a home where nonviolence and the belief that everything in the universe is eternal was prevalent. The educational facilities in his homeplace were rudimentary. Gandhi got married at the age of 13 and thus lost a year at school. He loved to go out on long solitary walks. Gandhi's father Karamchand died when Gandhi was only 16 years old, and his wife of age 17 had their first baby, who survived only a few days. The two deaths saddened Gandhi. The Gandhi couple had four more children, all sons. As he was to keep up the family tradition of holding high office, he would have to qualify as a barrister. That meant a visit to England. Therefore, Gandhi attended University College in London. His time in London was influenced by his mother as he joined the London Vegetarian Society being, in the meantime, devoted to the study of Buddhist and Hindu literature. So, he was really absorbed in personal and moral issues.

In April 1893, Gandhi aged 23, set sail for South Africa to be the lawyer of a shipping company. He spent 21 years in South Africa, where he developed his political views, ethics and politics. Immediately upon arriving in South Africa, Gandhi faced discrimination because of his skin colour and heritage, like all people of colour. Indians, for example, were not allowed to walk on public footpaths in South Africa. Gandhi was kicked by a police officer out of a footpath. In general, he found such behaviour humiliating and began to question his people's standing in the British Empire.

Gandhi returned to India in 1915. He brought an international reputation as a leading Indian nationalist. By the autumn of 1920, Gandhi was the dominant figure on the political stage, commanding an influence. His program was the nonviolent, noncooperation movement against the British government. Later on, he became the leading voice of the Congress Party. In March 1930 he launched the Salt March against the British-imposed tax on salt, which affected the poorest section of the community.

Gandhi was often imprisoned, and the government tried to insulate him from the outside world and to destroy his influence. Gandhi captured the imagination of the people of his heritage with his ideas about winning "hate with love". The British, eventually, reluctantly agreed to grant independence to the people of the Indian subcontinent, but divided the land into Pakistan and India. Gandhi was involved in the final negotiations, but the division plan was never accepted by Gandhi. In 1948, Gandhi was on his way to address a prayer meeting, when Nathuram Godse, a Hindu nationalist, fired three bullets into his chest from a pistol killing Gandhi.

These are some facts in Gandhi’s life:

His name was Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, the honorific Mahātmā (Sanskrit: "great-souled", "venerable"), first applied to him in 1914 in South Africa, is now used throughout the world.

In 1904 Mahatma Gandhi established the newspaper 'The Indian Opinion' in South Africa to showcase the Indian perspective on the racial discriminations in South Africa.

In 1930 the successful massive movement by Gandhi against Salt Act by the British took place. Gandhi had walked about 320 Km to Dandi and violated the salt law by English East India Company.

Gandhi was a strict vegetarian for a long period of his life. He maintained that each person should find their own diet that works best. Gandhi spent decades experimenting with food and wrote a book named “The Moral Basis of Vegetarianism”. Government nutritionists were called in to explain how Gandhi could go 21 days without food.

One of Mahatma Gandhi's most outspoken political critics was Winston Churchill.

Mahatma Gandhi’s image has appeared on all denominations of Indian rupees printed since 1996.

Gandhi’s quotes

“If we could change ourselves, the tendencies in the world would also change. As a man changes his own nature, so does the attitude of the world change towards him. We need not wait to see what others do.”

“It’s easy to stand in the crowd but it takes courage to stand alone.”

“The enemy is fear. We think it is hate; but, it is fear.”

“Our greatest ability as humans is not to change the world; but to change ourselves.”

Three adjectives to describe Gandhi

Spiritual: He was a refined, sensitive, concerned with sacred truths. Gandhi struggled as a young adult with seemingly simple moral choices and issues, such as living up to the promises he made to his mother. He always had a sense of reverence for truth.

Courageous: In March 1930 he launched the Salt March, one of the most spectacular and successful campaigns in Gandhi’s nonviolent war against the British. He was imprisoned numerous times for his beliefs.

Peaceful: Gandhi is internationally esteemed for his doctrine of nonviolent protest to achieve political and social progress.

Why I Admire Gandhi

Mohandas Gandhi is widely recognized as one of the twentieth century’s greatest political and spiritual leaders. His aim was not only to free India from foreign domination but he also tried to ease poverty, expand women’s rights, build religious and ethnic harmony. Gandhi achieved all these goals to a great extent practicing at the same time the principle of mass nonviolence. These are the reasons why I admire this leader. Moreover, he was a man who lived humbly, loved humanity, he often abstained from food and he was often imprisoned for his actions. That makes him even more admirable as he struggled at the expense of his own life. I believe this is the reason it is not only me but there are also many people and contemporary politicians who take inspiration from Gandhi.

Sources

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Mahatma-Gandhi/Emergence-as-nationalist-leader

https://gandhi.gov.in/

https://www.huffpost.com/entry/gandhi-a-spiritual-life

The Gift of Anger: And Other Lessons from My Grandfather Mahatma Gandhi by Arun Gandhi, Gallery/Jeter Publishing, 2017